Introduced in the 1977 ANSI M[UMPS] language standard.
This function returns a substring of the value passed as a parameter.
SET X="ABC*DEF"
| Reference | Value | |
|---|---|---|
| $PIECE(X,"*",1) | "ABC" | |
| $PIECE(X,"*",2) | "DEF" | |
| $PIECE(X,"*",3) | "" (empty string) | |
| $PIECE(X,"B",1) | "A" |
SET Y="B"
| Reference | Value | |
|---|---|---|
| $PIECE(X,Y,1) | "A" | |
| $PIECE(X,Y,2) | "C*DEF" | |
| $PIECE(X,"/",1) | "ABC*DEF" |
SET X="A.B.C.D"
| Reference | Value | |
|---|---|---|
| $PIECE(X,".",1) | "A" | |
| $PIECE(X,".",2,3) | "B.C" | |
| $PIECE(X,".",1,100) | "A.B.C.D" | |
| $PIECE(X,".",-5,2) | "A.B" | |
| $PIECE(X,".",3,2) | "" | |
| $PIECE(X,"",1,100) | "" |
Addition in the 1984 ANSI M[UMPS] language standard.
It is allowed to specify a reference to $PIECE on the left hand side of the equal sign in a SET command.
SET ^DATA("SUB")="11^22^33^44^55"
| Reference | Value | |
|---|---|---|
| SET $PIECE(^DATA("SUB"),"^",3)=123 | "11^22^123^44^55" | |
| SET $PIECE(^DATA("SUB"),"^",3,4)="three^four" | "11^22^three^four^55" | |
| SET $PIECE(^DATA("SUB"),"^",3)="a^b^c" | "11^22^a^b^c^four^55" | |
| SET $PIECE(^DATA("SUB"),"^",2,4)="" | "11^^c^four^55" |
SET X="This is an test"
| Reference | Value | |
|---|---|---|
| SET $PIECE(x," ",3)="a" | X="This is a test" | |
| SET $PIECE(x," ",2,3)="was no" | X="This was no test" | |
| SET $PIECE(x," ",3)="a" | X="This was a test" |
KILL ^X
SET ^X(1,2,3)=9
SET ^X(1,2)=7
SET $PIECE(^(2),";",3,^X(1,2,3))=6
WRITE ^(2)
Let's trace the order of evaluation, and see what happens to the
naked indicator:
SET ^X(1,2,3)=9
naked indicator is ^X(1,2,
SET ^X(1,2)=7
naked indicator is ^X(1,
fetch ^X(1,2,3); naked indicator is ^X(1,2,
fetch ^(2) = ^X(1,2,2), which is 'undefined'
(error: M7)
So, let's resolve that problem:
KILL ^X
SET ^X(1,2,3)=9
SET ^X(1,2,2)=8
SET ^X(1,2)=7
SET $PIECE(^(2),";",3,^X(1,2,3))=6
WRITE ^(2)
Now that all referenced variables are defined, the command is
evaluated
as:
SET $PIECE(^X(1,2,2),";",3,9)=6
so that the value of ^X(1,2,2) becomes
"8;;6"
SET ^X("Y")=1
SET $PIECE(^X("Y"),";",2,1)=0
WRITE ^X("Y")
will produce the value 1. Because in the SET
$PIECE, the until value is less than the from value, no
information is changed, and the naked indicator is unaffected.
Examples with naked references:
$PIECE(VALUE,STRING)
SET ^ABC(1,2)="reset naked indicator"
; Naked indicator is now ^ABC(1,
SET ^(3,4)=$PIECE(^(5,6),^(7,8))
; 1. fetch ^(5,6) = ^ABC(1,5,6)
; 2. fetch ^(7,8) = ^ABC(1,5,7,8)
; 3. store ^(3,4) = ^ABC(1,5,7,3,4)
; Naked indicator is now: ^ABC(1,5,7,3,
$PIECE(VALUE,STRING,PIECE)
SET ^ABC(1,2)="reset naked indicator"
; Naked indicator is now ^ABC(1,
SET ^(3,4)=$PIECE(^(5,6),^(7,8),^(9,10))
; 1. fetch ^(5,6) = ^ABC(1,5,6)
; 2. fetch ^(7,8) = ^ABC(1,5,7,8)
; 3. fetch ^(9,10) = ^ABC(1,5,7,9,10)
; 4. store ^(3,4) = ^ABC(1,5,7,9,3,4)
; Naked indicator is now: ^ABC(1,5,7,9,3,
$PIECE(VALUE,STRING,FROM,TO)
SET ^ABC(1,2)="reset naked indicator"
; Naked indicator is now ^ABC(1,
SET
^(3,4)=$PIECE(^(5,6),^(7,8),^(9,10),^(11,12))
; 1. fetch ^(5,6) = ^ABC(1,5,6)
; 2. fetch ^(7,8) = ^ABC(1,5,7,8)
; 3. fetch ^(9,10) = ^ABC(1,5,7,9,10)
; 4. fetch ^(11,12) = ^ABC(1,5,7,9,11,12)
; 5. store ^(3,4) = ^ABC(1,5,7,9,11,3,4)
; Naked indicator is now: ^ABC(1,5,7,9,11,3,
SET $PIECE(VALUE,STRING,FROM,TO)=VALUE
SET ^ABC(1,2)="reset naked indicator"
; Naked indicator is now ^ABC(1,
SET $PIECE(^(3,4),^(5,6),^(7,8),^(9,10))=^(11,12)
; 1. fetch ^(5,6) = ^ABC(1,5,6)
; 2. fetch ^(7,8) = ^ABC(1,5,7,8)
; 3. fetch ^(9,10) = ^ABC(1,5,7,9,10)
; 4. fetch ^(11,12) = ^ABC(1,5,7,9,11,12)
; 5. if ^ABC(1,5,7,9,10) < ^ABC(1,5,7,8) or
; if ^ABC(1,5,7,9,10) < 1
; don't store, naked indicator is ^ABC(1,5,7,9,11,
; else continue
; 6. fetch/store ^(3,4) = ^ABC(1,5,7,9,11,3,4)
; Naked indicator is now: ^ABC(1,5,7,9,11,3,
This document is © Ed de Moel, 1995-2005.
It is part of a book by Ed de Moel that is published under
the title "M[UMPS] by Example" (ISBN 0-918118-42-5).
Printed copies of the book are no longer available.